THE ROLE OF GREEN ENGINEERING IN MITIGATING ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Environmental pollution has turned to be a worldwide issue due to industrial development, urbanisation and exploitation of resources in unsustainable manner.  The conventional engineering practices placed the economic growth over the environmental sustainability thus threatening the air, water, and soil degraded.  An innovative solution to these problems has been found in green engineering. It involves the consideration of the concepts of sustainability in design/implementation, operation, and optimisation of technological systems.The research examines the effectiveness of green engineering practices to mitigate the pollution through a multidisciplinary framework dealing with the pollution prevention, energy savings, integrating renewable energy and using waste as the source of energy.  We applied data driven method, a method of considering the key performance indicators of various industries and comparisons of the measures pre and post green measures.  The mechanical skills of the operators were studied with advanced statistical and visualisation techniques to view the trend in performance and we quantified the environmental benefit. In the findings, it can be seen that all the sectors under investigation have achieved significant progresses in terms of curbing pollution, saving energy, and recovering resources in improved ways.  It should be added that indices of air and water quality got better considerably. Meanwhile, the introduction of renewable sources of energy and circular economy resulted in visible reductions in both the quantities of carbon emissions and hazardous waste.  These findings indicate that green engineering as a methodology proves effective and useful in allowing sustainability to be promoted at the systems level.Finally, green engineering does not only provide us with an opportunity to correct the situation with an environment with the help of technology, but also preconditions long-term development.  In order to have it to work we should overcome such issues as money problems, gaps in policy, and public resistance.  However, through proper help and innovative thinking green engineering could alter the current mode of operation in factories and could make a major impact over the health of the economy and not made into the distant future.